Global Witness has published its new report, “Collective Power”, which documents the murder of at least 124 land and environmental defenders in 2025 and analyses the various forms of violence, criminalisation and threats faced by those who defend their land, communities and natural resources.
In Colombia, Global Witness documented 39 murders of land and environmental defenders in 2025, accounting for almost a third of the global total; 35 of the 39 cases were linked to land disputes and almost half of the victims were indigenous people.

The report highlights the need to move towards collective protection strategies, strengthen communities’ rights and tackle the structural causes of violence against human rights defenders. Since 2012, Global Witness has documented 2375 murders and long-term disappearances of human rights defenders worldwide.



